“Political culture within the Party” and “socialist culture with Chinese characteristics” are two major propositions put forward by the Communist Party of China in the practice of leading reform and opening up and socialist modernization， which provide a cultural strategic design and path for comprehensively promoting the great project of Party building and the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Although the main value functions of the political culture within the party and the socialist culture with Chinese characteristics serve the construction of the party and the country respectively， they are two relatively independent cultural forms. However， they are closely related and interconnected， with a high degree of historical and practical internal unity. In terms of generating logic， both are guided by Marxism， based on excellent traditional Chinese culture， and rooted in revolutionary culture； In terms of value logic， both take firm belief in Marxism and the ideals and convictions of socialism and communism as their core content， and both take the core socialist values as their main value orientation. In terms of development logic， the two are integrated and mutually reinforcing， jointly leading and promoting the development process of contemporary Chinese economy and society.

The fourth-party logistics can facilitate information sharing and collaborative cooperation in the supply chain， and integrate multiple business models. It offers a feasible solution for county-level retail enterprises to overcome bottlenecks in logistics capabilities， broaden profit-making channels， and enhance revenue scale. Based on a fourth-party logistics framework， this paper takes Yidu Convenience Store， the only county-level chain retail enterprise ranked among the top 20 convenience stores in China， as a case study to explore and summarize the feasible models for the development of chain retail enterprises in county-level areas. The research findings indicate that actively establishing a comprehensive informatized logistics system and transitioning to the fourth-party logistics model are practical ways for the development of county-level chain retail enterprises. By leveraging efficient logistics to implement diverse profit-making models， such as physical stores and community group-buying， these enterprises can reduce costs through resource reuse and achieve synergistic efficiency gains. Moreover， the transformation of the management model can facilitate the expansion of the scale of retail enterprises. Therefore， county-level retail enterprises should strengthen logistics construction， draw on the fourth-party logistics model， adopt multiple business models， cut operating costs， and expand profit-making channels so as to achieve the development of chain-store operations.

A review of various benchmarks for determining the status of a developing country reveals that assessing whether a nation is in the category of developing countries requires a further consideration of the country's relative capacity to obtain factor returns compared to others. Specifically， it involves examining whether the ratio of the country's Gross National Income （GNI） per capita to Gross Domestic Product （GDP） per capita has long been below 1， which is characteristic of a developing economy. China is still a developing country in terms of the ratio of GNI per capita to GDP per capita. With the changes in the international environment and the domestic economy entering a new phase， China's economic development now faces new challenges. These challenges include structural problems such as the external dependence of the economic growth model， the relatively limited contribution of mid-to-high-end industries to the global value chain， noticeable shortcomings in the high-tech innovation field， and the constraints of the international economic environment. These problems have led to a relatively low level of China's ability to earn factor returns， indicating that China still remains in the status of a developing country. To achieve a higher-level of economic development， China needs to further boost the international competitiveness of scientific and technological innovation， reinforce the core competitiveness of industries， promote trade diversification and international cooperation， deeply integrate into the global industrial and supply chains， and enhance trade competitiveness.

In 2024， China’s GDP grew by 5.0% year-on-year. The economy achieved a stable performance while at the same time secured progress， successfully achieving the growth target of around 5 percent set at the beginning of the year. Looking ahead to 2025， domestic and foreign factors such as declining national population， weak market expectations， adjustments in pillar industries， geopolitical risks， and changes in the energy landscape will continue to affect China’s economic development. The natural trend of the China’s economy will be a pattern of contraction in both supply and demand， with the contraction in demand being more significant than that in supply， and the overall economic level remaining below its potential. Risks in the real estate sector， local government debt， exchange rates and currency， as well as trade frictions， will become potential risk points for China’s future economic development. Therefore， the policy objectives in 2025 still need to focus mainly on the demand-side. Meanwhile， necessary support should be provided for the stable operation of the supply-side and the continuous improvement of the market environment. The macroeconomic policy mix should be mainly dual expansion of demand and supply， supplemented by market environment management.

Search engines， as special processors of personal information， cannot fully apply the principle-based provisions of the law on the right to erasure of personal information， we， therefore， propose to formulate special rules on the obligation of search engines to delete personal information. The justification for the rule-formulation should be based on the characteristics of search engines themselves， the legal risks of their processing behaviors， and the limitations of current legal norms， and the value orientation of rule construction should highlight the balance of interests among information subjects， search engines， and the public. The system of personal information deletion obligation of search engines should be constructed from such aspects as the applicable circumstances of the deletion obligation， the scope of deletion obligation and the ways to fulfil the deletion obligation.

The cultural context of universities refers to the unique cultural connotations and spiritual characteristics that gradually take shape during the development of the university. It is often manifested through campus spatial planning and layout， architectural forms， and landscape construction. The inheritance of the cultural context of universities is of great significance and value in highlighting the educational mission， enhancing the campus quality， and strengthening the sense of belonging among teachers and students. Judging from the practical exploration of Beijing Jiaotong University and the development process of universities in China， three aspects can be considered as the basic routes to inheriting the cultural context of universities through spatial layout. Firstly， maintaining the coherence of the overall architectural layout with the original style through appropriate innovation， adding new ideas while “following the traditions”. Secondly， continuing and deepening the cultural connotations by using campus cultural symbols to showcase the “past and present” of campus development. Thirdly， constructing a characteristic cultural belt to present the development context of the campus.

The application of digital technology has reduced the cost for enterprises to acquire external resources and propelled the construction of digital ecosystems and service innovation. Based on the digital affordance theory and actor-network theory， this paper conducts a two-phase action research on Company J， an integrated automobile service provider， to explore the process mechanism through which enterprises achieve cross-boundary service innovation via digital ecosystems. In the first phase， the establishment of a digital ecosystem is achieved by leveraging the affordances of cross-platform data sharing and the action network between humans and digital platforms， thereby forming the foundational basis for cross-boundary services innovation. In the second phase， the empowerment of digital services is realized through the affordances of cross-platform resource integration and the action network between humans and artificial intelligence （AI）， leading to the innovative applications of cross-boundary services. The findings from the action research reveal that the process framework of the action research has become an effective tool for guiding enterprise practices and can promote communication between researchers and practitioners. At the same time， it can deepen the understanding of theories， ensuring that research results can not only guide practices but also advance theoretical development. In practice， enterprises should attach importance to the crucial role of digital platforms in data integration， recognize that building a digital ecosystem to achieve cross-sector innovation is a dynamic process， and pay attention to the new models it provides for enterprise collaboration and competition.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China， Xi Jinping has summarized the Party’s relevant theoretical experience and made a series of important expositions around major issues such as “what is meant by upholding the Party’s leadership over cultural work”， “why we must uphold the Party’s leadership over cultural work” and “how to uphold the Party’s leadership over cultural work”. These expositions constitute an important part of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture and have significant theoretical and practical value. Studying and expounding Xi Jinping’s important expositions on upholding the Party’s leadership over cultural work is of great theoretical and practical significance for building a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and guiding power.

With the transportation sector a significant source of carbon emissions， its emission reduction effectiveness plays a critical role in achieving the “dual carbon” goals. This study adopts the shadow price method to estimate the carbon emission reduction costs of the transportation sector across 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2020. On this basis， the carbon emission reduction potential of each province is evaluated from the perspectives of equity and efficiency， and the Spatial Durbin Model is used to analyze the factors influencing carbon emission reduction potential. The research findings are as follows：（1） From 2010 to 2020， the carbon emission reduction costs of China’s transportation sector exhibited an upward trend with fluctuations， characterized by higher costs in the western regions compared to the eastern regions. （2） Significant disparities exist in carbon emission reduction potential among provinces， with the eastern regions generally showing higher potential than the western regions. （3） The main factors influencing the carbon emission reduction potential include scientific and technological investment， transportation structure， economic development level， industrial structure and informatization level. Among them， the increase in scientific and technological expenditure is the key factor in reducing carbon emissions in the transportation industry. To effectively promote carbon reduction in the transportation sector， efforts should focus on reducing emission reduction costs， fully leveraging emission reduction potential， and deeply promoting regional collaborative emission reduction.

The proposal of new quality productivity reflects the iterative upgrading of inefficient old quality productivity in the pursuit of quantitative production. This leap in productivity embodies new ideas for the development of China’s productive forces and a new trend in its economic development. In the new era， on the path of promoting China’s high-quality economic development， the new quality productivity， as an unprecedented new productivity concept， is extremely forward-looking and pioneering， and requires in-depth insights to understand and grasp. From the perspective of exploring “where the novelty lies， what gives rise to the novelty， and how to achieve the novelty”， the novelty of new-quality productivity lies in the new content within classical theories and the new paradigm that surpasses existing productivity. It is an actual necessity for unleashing new drivers of high-quality development， a proper measure for consolidating the foundation of the modern industrial system， and an inevitable countermeasure for shaping new international competitiveness. Its implementation paths ultimately point towards four “new” aspects： new growth drivers， new industries， new technologies， and new talents.

The copyright and copyrightability of artificial intelligence （AI） products are pressing academic issues that require resolution. Following traditional thinking， AI products are not considered copyrightable， necessitating a shift in legal perspective to explore copyright protection paths for AI products. From the object-oriented approach， AI products are an extension of human will， with AI simulating human will in an auxiliary manner. From the subject-oriented approach， AI products can be defined as special works made for hire or as special collaborative works， enabling natural or legal persons to obtain copyrights for AI products. Regarding the specific ownership of copyright， the concept of open-source software can be used as a reference for resolution. We can refer to the collective management system of copyright to confirm the copyrights of AI products， update legal interpretations to provide a jurisprudential basis for the legality of their copyright without amending legislation， and establish a review and supervision mechanism for AI products through public authority intervention.

With the continuous deepening of railway reform， China has established a competitive landscape featuring the coexistence of various types of railway transport companies， making corporate governance optimization an inevitable choice. Currently， restructured railway transport companies have achieved the transformation of operational mechanisms and the establishment of supporting systems， with certain progress made in corporate governance. However， the unrationalized layout of the governance system， the unscientific construction of the governance structure， and the imperfect operation of the governance mechanism. Judging from Baoshen Railway Group’s practical exploration in market-oriented operations， optimizing corporate governance is the key to enhancing the company’s competitiveness and sustainable development. Therefore， this paper suggests that firstly， we should strengthen the systematicness of the governance system layout， restructure the rights and responsibilities interface between the parent company and its subsidiaries， and promote market-oriented management； secondly， we should improve the scientificity of the governance structure， and further clarify the right-responsibility boundaries of the governance subjects，build a substantive board of directors and enhance the role of external directors； and finally， we should ensure the effective operation of the governance mechanism， strengthen the supervision and assessment mechanism， improve the communication mechanism， and establish an error-tolerance and correction mechanism.

As China is currently in a critical period of transitioning from old to new growth drivers， accelerating industrial upgrading and transformation is a top priority for current development. As a derivative of digital technology， the industrial internet platform is a hybrid institutional arrangement distinct from a single administrative or market-based institutional arrangement. This type of institutional arrangement can not only leverage external regulation to promote enterprises’ transformation and upgrading， but also stimulate the motivation for transformation and upgrading from within enterprises， which is conducive to addressing the long-standing challenges in China’s industrial upgrading. This paper argues that industrial internet platforms can drive industrial transformation and upgrading in three aspects： Facilitate the standardized and personalized development of small and medium-sized enterprises， and enhance the internal production efficiency and overall quality of enterprises； Break the objective constraints of geographical distance to enable virtual industrial agglomeration， thereby effectively promoting the efficient and flexible supply and allocation of resources； Amplify the “network effects” of leading enterprises to accelerate the accumulation of factors required for industrial upgrading， thus promoting the integration and upgrading of manufacturing and service industries. As a hybrid institutional arrangement， industrial internet platforms can systematically advance industrial transformation and upgrading. Among them， market-driven institutional arrangements stimulate the vitality of enterprises， while administrative-led institutional arrangements facilitate enterprise upgrading.

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China， the socialist system with Chinese characteristics has become a key theoretical issue in academic research. The academic theoretical community has conducted comprehensive research on the scientific connotation， formation process， significant features， advantage construction， and profound significance of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics， and has achieved fruitful research results， laying a solid foundation for further research. To continue to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics， it is necessary to strengthen the basic theoretical research on the socialist system with Chinese characteristics， clarify the deep-seated multiple logical relationships of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics， broaden the research perspective of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics， and enrich the research methods of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.

The development of autonomous vehicles has brought unprecedented challenges to the regulation of motor vehicles in various countries and regions， making regulatory innovation an urgent necessity. Countries such as Singapore and the Republic of Korea， as well as Taiwan region of China， by introducing the regulatory sandbox that originated in the Fintech regulation field into the regulation of autonomous driving， have established regulatory sandbox for autonomous vehicles through experimental legislations， providing a relaxed， secure and law-based external environment for the development of autonomous driving. The legal exemption mechanism designed to remove many legal obstacles to the development and use of autonomous vehicles constitutes the legal core of regulatory sandbox for autonomous vehicles. Corresponding to its operation phase， the institutional system of regulatory sandbox for autonomous vehicles mainly consists of sandbox access institution， road testing and application implementation institution， and sandbox exit institution. Given the complexity of the motor vehicle regulatory system and the needs of the development of autonomous driving at present， it is also urgent for China to draw on the practices of these countries and regions， initiate special legislation on autonomous driving at the national level， focus on promoting the innovation of regulatory concepts and paradigms， and accelerate the construction of an autonomous driving regulatory sandbox.

From the provincial-level perspective of regional financial risks， and based on provincial-level panel data from 2011 to 2022， this study applies the panel threshold model and spatial threshold model to examine the threshold effect and spatial effect of fintech on China’s regional financial risks. The research shows the following findings： First， there exists an “inverted U-shaped” relationship between fintech and regional financial risks， with fintech first promoting and then suppressing regional financial risks， and this is equally applicable to both the breadth of fintech coverage and the depth of its use. Second， the development level of fintech in China is in a reasonable state overall， which is conducive to the prevention and control of regional financial risk. Third， the non-linear impact of fintech on China's regional financial risks has spatial effects. Therefore， in the future， China should accurately grasp the development laws of fintech， develop fintech steadily， incorporate fintech supervision into the existing regulatory framework， continuously improve the long-term fintech regulatory mechanism， and accelerate the circulation of fintech development factors among regions， promote inter-regional collaborative development of fintech and collaborative governance of financial risks.

Against the complexity and uncertainty of supply chain procurement decisions in a dynamic risk environment， this paper constructs a multi-period， multi-objective mixed-integer programming model based on Markov chain theory to optimize the collaborative decision-making mechanism of supply chain resilience， sustainability， and cost-effectiveness. Through numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis， the study reveals the following findings： First， the Markov chain-based decision-making model can effectively depict the dynamic evolution characteristics of suppliers’ states， thus providing enterprises with scientific procurement decision-making tools； Second， there exist inherent conflicts between cost， service level， and environmental performance in supply chain procurement decisions， requiring enterprises to dynamically adjust the priority of objectives； Third， the multi-source procurement strategy significantly improves supply chain resilience， but it is necessary to balance the conflicts among multiple objectives； Finally， although the emergency procurement strategy can mitigate the risk of supply disruption， its costs and negative environmental impacts need to be incorporated into dynamic evaluation. Therefore， this study suggests that manufacturing enterprises can construct a multi-tiered and multi-supplier supply network， establish a rigorous supplier evaluation framework， and develop decision support tools to address the challenge of dynamic balance among multiple objectives in supply chain management.

The rapid development of internet finance， while promoting social and economic growth and stimulating economic vitality， has also given rise to issues of unfair competition in commercial promotion. How to identify and handle illegal commercial promotion in internet finance is an important issue that needs to be addressed in the construction of economic rule of law. Traditional criteria for determining unfair competition fail to fully address the new changes in internet finance， leading to regulatory dilemmas regarding such criteria. Anti-unfair competition regulations are misaligned with internet finance consumption scenarios， and there is a lack of normative standards for identifying unfair competition in internet finance commercial promotion. To standardize the identification of unfair competition in internet finance commercial promotion， it is necessary to accurately grasp the theoretical assumptions of traditional identification criteria， deepen the understanding of the basic theories underlying these criteria， and develop a systematic framework for identify unfair competition practices， that is， taking “unfairness of conduct” as the core thread， “whether it distorts consumer decisions” as the core object， and “form + substance” as the core content. The normative construction of criteria for determining unfair competition in internet finance commercial promotion should focus on key links in the identification standards； establish formal standards for the reasonable disclosure of information， including standards such as legality， authenticity， accuracy， sufficiency， rationality， and comprehensibility； set substantive standards for the extension of suitability obligations， including requirements such as effectively presenting the risk-return relationship， maintaining neutrality and objectivity， and giving reasonable attention to differences among target audiences of commercial promotion， establish the suitability obligation standards among internet financial products， commercial promotion and financial consumers.

Constructing a scientifically sound physical literacy index system for college students is an important foundation for achieving scientific evaluation and effective intervention of physical fitness. Using the Meta-method， evaluation indicators of physical literacy are selected and extracted from domestic and foreign literature. The CRITIC-entropy method was employed to assign weights to the indicators， thereby establishing a physical literacy index system for college students. A measurement analysis was conducted on 1，196 samples of college student data. The research results show that college students’ physical literacy overall exhibits a multi-level characteristic dominated by behavioral habits， supported by cognition and motivation， and basically guaranteed by physical ability. However， performance across various aspects is uneven， with notable deficiencies particularly in the implementation of behaviors and the transformation of cognition. To effectively enhance the overall level of college students’ physical literacy， college physical education should focus on strengthening the cultivation of behavioral habits as the core， establishing a physical literacy promotion mechanism that integrates classroom and extracurricular activities， connecting cognition and practice.

Blockchain technology has become an important tool for maritime enterprises to promote collaboration and digital upgrading within the maritime supply chain. However， the adoption of blockchain technology by maritime enterprises is influenced by multiple factors. Academic research has primarily conducted in-depth studies focusing on technological， organizational， and environmental factors. A comprehensive review of relevant research findings reveals the following： technological factors are key influencers of blockchain adoption in maritime enterprises， as the characteristics of blockchain exert a dual effect， serving as both drivers and constraints； organizational factors act as critical determinants， directly shaping firms’ adoption behaviors and decisions； the influence of external environmental factors is mainly reflected in legal safeguards， policy and regulatory systems， market demand and social influence. Future research should emphasize systematic investigations of how the characteristics and different types of blockchain technology affect adoption decisions， strengthen the study of environmental factors， and further enrich research perspectives and methodological approaches to deepen the understanding of the factors influencing blockchain adoption in maritime enterprises.

Building a modern economic system is a significant strategic deployment undertaken by our Party， reflecting a comprehensive consideration of the development of the Party and the nation as a whole. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China specifically proposed the goal of “building a modern economic system” by 2035. Currently， there are noticeable weaknesses and shortcomings in China in aspects such as dealing with external risks and challenges， promoting total factor productivity with new technologies， innovating structural allocation of resources， upgrading the industrial structure， and deeply integrating the real economy and the digital economy. Therefore， we should adhere to the problem-oriented approach， break through the obstacles in building a modern economic system， and accelerate the construction of a modern economic system through measures such as expanding diversified cooperation partners， shortening the misalignment cycle between technological progress and the growth of total factor productivity， optimizing the allocation of innovation resources， synchronously developing advanced manufacturing and modern service industries， and deepening the integration of the real economy and the digital economy.

The dynamic characteristics of traffic flow in urban road networks make the risk assessment of hazardous goods transportation in cities a complex systemic issue. When conducting a risk assessment of road transportation of hazardous goods， the dynamic characteristics of urban road networks should be fully considered to ensure the scientific validity of the results. Based on the expected-risk assessment framework， this paper takes into account the dynamic change characteristics of the urban traffic road network and the variation in vehicle driving speeds， and treats the transportation of hazardous goods as a process in which risks gradually accumulate over time on each road section. Consequently， a dynamic risk assessment method is proposed. The research results indicate that the dynamic road network-based method proposed in this paper can evaluate more accurately the risk levels of hazardous goods transportation within dynamic road networks， with vehicle speed significantly impacting the risk levels of hazardous goods transportation. Therefore， it is advised that enterprises can utilize the dynamic risk assessment method to optimize transportation routes， and relevant management departments may refer to this method to formulate more scientific and effective transportation regulations， thereby enhancing the precision management level of transportation safety.

Modernization is the foundation for nurturing modern civilization， while the Chinese path to modernization is the foundation for the “newness” of the new form of human civilization， which exerts a comprehensive and far-reaching influence on this distinctive quality of “newness”. As a socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China， the Chinese path to modernization consistently centers on the free and all-round development of the individuals in its theoretical conceptualization and practical advancement， proactively addressing the relationship between the individual and the community and promoting their harmonious integration. The foundations of the Chinese path to modernization drive the development of the “newness” inherent in the new form of human civilization， enabling it to be fully manifested through innovation and transcendence over the capitalist form of civilization. These foundations establish the material base， provide political assurance， consolidate cultural roots， pool social forces， and strengthen ecological support for this new form of human civilization. Moreover， they open up broader prospects for development in advancing the building of a human community with a shared future. To ensure the stable and sustained development of the “newness” inherent in the new form of human civilization and to maintain its transcendent comparative civilizational advantages， it is essential to adhere to the Party’s self-reform as a guide for social revolution， uphold a people-centered approach to further realize human subjectivity， and persist in comprehensively deepening reforms to promote institutional development.

Strategic emerging industries play a crucial role in driving economic transformation and upgrading and leading social development. At present， China’s strategic emerging industries face a dual challenge： on the one hand， they face the “chokepoint” dilemma where core technologies are subject to external constraints； on the other hand， they confront development bottlenecks of limited industrial scale and insufficient market competitiveness， which， to a certain extent， have constrained their ability to serve national strategic needs. Against this backdrop， this paper takes the domestic large aircraft industry as a representative case and systematically analyzes its industrial characteristics and developmental bottlenecks， with the aim of revealing the inherent laws governing the scale expansion and quality upgrading of strategic emerging industries. The study finds that promote the scaled development of the industry is the fundamental pathway to overcoming these dual challenges. To this end， this paper innovatively proposes the theoretical concept of “strategic pillar industries”. Furthermore， it argues that， in practice， the joint functioning of an efficient market and an effective government is essential for nurturing and upgrading strategic emerging industries into strategic pillar industries， thereby fully unleashing their strategic value. The paper argues that cultivating and expanding strategic pillar industries is not only a solution to overcoming technological bottlenecks and fostering new quality productive forces， but also an inevitable path to breaking through the development constraints of the national economy.

As digital platforms have gradually become the core hubs of business activities， interactions among different digital platform ecosystems have become increasingly prevalent. Understanding the complex interactive relationships between platforms in the context of digital economy and facilitating platform firms in formulating differentiated cross-platform collaboration strategies has emerged as a critical research agenda. Drawing on the cross-ecosystem flow of elements in natural ecosystems， we can systematically explore the interaction mechanisms and patterns among digital platform ecosystems. The results reveal the following findings： （1）Interactions among digital platform ecosystems constitute a multidimensional， multilayered complex process. The formation of these interactive mechanisms stems from the interconnectivity characteristics that digital platforms exhibit in data sharing， user migration， and dynamic evolution； （2）Interactions among digital platform ecosystems are classified into two basic types： scale expansion-oriented and function complementarity-oriented. These two interaction types can be achieved either under single-firm dominance or through collaborative cooperation among multiple firms， reflecting the diversity and flexibility of interactions among digital platform ecosystems； （3）Through in-depth analysis of user flow patterns across digital platforms， three typical interaction patterns are identified： cross-platform user flow and diffusion pattern， cross-platform user-complementor role exchange pattern， and the platform periodic interaction-triggered seasonal user migration pattern. Each pattern has its unique participants， operational mechanisms， and implementation paths. Platform firms should formulate differentiated cross-platform collaboration strategies based on predictions of user behavior.

ESG， as an emerging investment philosophy and corporate evaluation criterion， has evolved from an added corporate value to a core determinant of corporate viability. It signifies a shift from a shareholder-centric governance model to a multi-stakeholder governance paradigm， guiding new directions for corporate governance paradigms and sustainable development， and bringing new challenges to modern corporate governance. Under the ESG trend， a comprehensive transformation and reshaping of corporate governance is required. Therefore， this paper suggests that firstly， ESG concepts should be integrated into the corporate purpose to make it a fundamental criterion guiding corporate operations and governance； secondly， corporate governance bodies should be reformed， shareholders and supervisory boards should be empowered with ESG capabilities， and an ESG committee at the board level should be established； and finally， incentive and restraint mechanisms should be improved， the obligation system governing directors’ assumption of ESG responsibilities should be reshaped， so that a brand-new ESG-driven corporate governance mechanism can be constructed.

As a typical representative of new quality productive forces， the low-altitude economy is an economic form emerging from the in-depth development and utilization of low-altitude resources driven by the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation. It consists of six major systems： the aircraft R&D and manufacturing industrial system， low-altitude infrastructure system， low-altitude basic institutional system， low-altitude airspace support system， low-altitude safety support system， and flight service application industrial system. Driven by the dual engines of major technological innovations and rich application scenarios， it exhibits characteristics such as the factorization of low-altitude resources， the integration of air-ground activities， and the scaling of value creation. Currently， China’s low-altitude economy is still in the initial stage of development. We should adhere to supply-side priority， promote supply-side structural reform through low-altitude technological innovation and the integrated opening and development of air-ground resources， and adapt to existing demand with high-quality supply to create and lead new demand.

Against the research gap in the relationship between industrial upgrading and artificial intelligence （AI） governance， this paper explores AI governance for boosting manufacturing upgrading from the perspective of balancing liquidity and security of platform-based data assets， drawing on the multi-tier principal-agent model. The study reveals the following key findings： Enhancing the capabilities of platform-based AI improves the liquidity of data assets but simultaneously compromises their security. Therefore， a higher AI capability does not translate to a greater total utility for the platform； instead， there exists an optimal range of AI capability. This optimal range is primarily influenced by two endogenous variables—platform risk aversion and trust in AI—and two exogenous variables—data signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） and market stability. Therefore， it is suggested that during the intelligentization of the manufacturing industry， the industry can develop an AI governance system conducive to upgrading by focusing on four dimensions： the industry’s degree of risk aversion and level of trust in AI， data quality， and market stability.

The supply mode of ideological and moral idols， as a form of ideological distribution using idols as the main carrier and medium， has long played a significant role as an important means of implementing moral education in social life. Since the new era， the supply mode of ideological and moral idols has changed significantly： its structure has become more diverse， its channels have become more effective， and its social， political， and moral functions have been further enhanced. However， with the widespread adoption of new forms of social interaction， especially the Internet like online social media platforms， the social ideological sphere has become increasingly complex. The supply mode of ideological and moral idols is now facing challenges posed by “new situations， new characteristics， new problems， and new environments.” Therefore， we should adhere to the basic logic of ideological and moral idol supply and innovate its supply mode based on the contemporary needs. In specific， we should vigorously strengthen the political function of ideological and moral idol supply； elevate its overall credibility and ability to exert influence across contexts； improve its scientific basis while enriching its cultural connotations and civilized implications； and effectively strengthen the supply of ideological and moral idols for priority groups， while highlighting idols’ self-discipline and steadfast adherence to moral principles.

As a leading technology in the digital intelligence era， generative artificial intelligence finds its application in policy dissemination， which is prominently demonstrated in aspects such as the intelligent upgrade of each element within the policy dissemination structure and the continuous optimization of the overall dissemination structure. Specifically， it transforms the subject form of policy dissemination， driving their development towards the direction of human-machine interaction， human-machine co-construction， and human-machine symbiosis. It also alters the generation mode of policy dissemination content， improves the matching efficiency between the supply and demand of policy dissemination information， promotes the development and intelligence of integrated media， and comprehensively improves and optimizes the policy dissemination structure， thereby promoting the healthy development of policy dissemination. However， the application of generative artificial intelligence in policy dissemination is extremely complex and will also face non-negligible risks， such as the weakening of the “gatekeeper” status of policy dissemination subjects， the reinforcement of “information cocoon” of policies， the out-of-control spread of “policy public opinion”， and the continuous emergence of “policy rumors”. To avoid these risks， it is imperative to heighten the in-depth and comprehensive understanding of the entire populace regarding digital technologies represented by generative artificial intelligence and the social transformations they instigate； strengthen the construction of scientific and technological ethics and morality in the whole society， and focus on improving the technological ethics literacy of policy dissemination subjects and audiences； attach importance to the unity of the instrumental value and humanistic value of policy dissemination； and regulate the governance of generative artificial intelligence technology in accordance with the law.