摘要
在全球科技竞争持续深化的背景下，“深科技”企业如何在资源受限、制度尚未成型的情境下创造并形成独特的技术创新路径，是当前需要关注和研究的重要问题。本文以新石器慧通（北京）科技有限公司为研究对象，采用纵向单案例研究方法，构建“场景自治生成—约束结构性重塑—制度回应扩散—路径形成”（SCI-PC）分析框架，以揭示强约束情境下“深科技”企业技术创新路径的生成机制。研究结果表明：场景自治构成技术创新路径的起点且贯穿其演化全过程，主动建构可运行场景是创新路径得以启动的前提。在跨场景持续运行中，约束被内生转化为筛选机制，使创新路径由“可运行”逐步收敛为“稳定可复制”。与此同时，制度并非先验引导，而是在路径形成之后发挥合法化确认与规模扩散的放大作用。由此，“深科技”企业技术创新路径呈现出“场景自治生成—约束结构性重塑—制度回应扩散”的有序序列，这三类要素在路径形成中依次扮演启动器、筛选器与放大器的角色，其时序上的依次激活性与功能上的不可互换性，为理解“深科技”企业形成比较优势提供了具有内在结构的分析框架。基于此，政府应由前置审批转向事后回应机制；企业应由“技术性能最优”转向“场景可运行优先”；中小“深科技”企业可通过优先构建细分场景，以运行事实替代技术参数背书，逐步突破既有技术路径锁定。
Abstract
Against the backdrop of deepening global technological competition， how deep-tech firms develop unique technological innovation paths amid resource constraints and underdeveloped institutional frameworks represents an important research issue that merits urgent academic attention. Taking Neolithic Huitong （Beijing） Technology Co.， Ltd. as the research case， this paper adopts a longitudinal single-case study approach and develops an analytical framework named “Scenario Autonomy Generation – Constraint Structural Restructuring – Institutional Responsive Diffusion – Path Formation” （SCI-PC） so as to reveal the formation mechanism of technological innovation paths for deep-tech firms under strongly constrained conditions. The research results indicate that scenario autonomy serves as the starting point of technological innovation paths and runs through their entire evolutionary process， and the proactive construction of operable scenarios constitutes the prerequisite for path initiation. During the continuous operation across diverse scenarios， constraints are endogenously transformed into a screening mechanism， enabling the paths to gradually converge from a merely operable state to stable and replicable modes. Meanwhile， Institutions do not provide a priori guidance； instead， they serve as an amplifier for legitimacy recognition and large-scale diffusion only after the formation of technological paths. Accordingly， the technological paths of deep-tech firms follow an ordered sequence of “scenario autonomous generation – structural restructuring of constraints – responsive institutional diffusion”. These three elements function sequentially as an initiator， a screening filter and an amplifier in path formation. Their sequential activation in chronological order and non-interchangeable functional logic jointly form a structurally coherent analytical framework for explaining how deep-tech firms build comparative advantages. In light of the above conclusions， governments should shift from ex ante approval to an ex post response mechanism. Firms ought to prioritize scenario operability over the pursuit of optimal technical performance. Small and medium-sized deep-tech firms can take the initiative to build segmented scenarios， substitute practical operational performance for technical parameter endorsement， and gradually break the lock-in of existing technological paths.
关键词
“深科技”企业 /
技术创新路径 /
场景自治 /
SCI-PC模型
Key words
deep-tech firms /
technological innovation path /
scenario autonomy /
SCI-PC model
洪绍桢, 刘颖琦, 杨锐.
“深科技”企业的技术创新路径及其形成机制[J]. 北京交通大学学报(社会科学版). 2026, 25(2): 103-111
HONG Shao-zhen, LIU Ying-qi, YANG Rui.
Technological Innovation Path and Its Formation Mechanism in Deep-Tech Firms： A Case Study of Neolithic Autonomous Vehicles[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University（Social Sciences Edition）. 2026, 25(2): 103-111
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基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“中国智能网联汽车产业融合集群形成的动力机制与演进路径研究”（KBJBW223223536）。
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