农村寄递物流体系建设对于促进农业农村发展、满足农村居民生产生活需要、释放农村消费潜力和推动城乡一体化进程具有重要意义，然而当前仍面临“最初与最后一公里”堵点问题。本文结合交通运输部发布的农村物流服务品牌典型经验等案例资料数据，系统分析我国农村寄递物流体系建设面临的挑战、创新实践与优化路径。研究发现：农业生产和农产品流通对服务柔性、时效性提出了更高要求，但供给端因地理分散难以形成规模效应、生产组织化标准化不足制约产业协同、现代物流技术应用滞后限制运行效率等关键制约因素叠加，导致末端服务能力薄弱。为应对上述挑战，各地形成了包括“客货邮融合发展”“互联网+第四方物流”“一网双流，双向赢利”“菜鸟县域共配”和“电商平台+产地直发”等典型模式，分别以交邮合作+邮快合作、供快合作、商快合作、快快合作和电商平台归集为基本的资源整合方式，在组织、环节、网络和效果等方面各具特色。为进一步提升我国农村寄递物流体系的建设水平，应遵循“多元主体-技术驱动-资源整合-协同发展”的基本思路，因地制宜分类推进，强化技术应用与创新，健全政府与市场协作机制，深化物流资源整合共享，并促进寄递物流与乡村产业深度融合。

The construction of a rural parcel delivery and logistics system is of great significance for promoting agricultural and rural development， meeting the production and living needs of rural residents， unlocking rural consumption potential， and advancing the process of urban-rural integration. However， the “last-mile” bottleneck problem urgently needs to be resolved. Based on data from case studies including the typical experiences of rural logistics service brands published by the Ministry of Transport， this paper systematically analyzes the challenges， innovative practices， and optimization paths in the construction of China’s rural parcel delivery and logistics system. The study finds that the high requirements of agricultural production and agricultural product circulation for service flexibility and timeliness are compounded by key bottlenecks on the supply side： difficulty in achieving scale effects due to geographical dispersion， insufficient industrial coordination caused by low production organization and standardization， and lagging application of modern logistics technologies that restrict operational efficiency， resulting in weak end-to-end service capacity. To address these challenges， innovative practices have emerged across various regions， represented by models such as “Integrated Development of Passenger Transport， Freight and Postal Services”， “Internet + Fourth-Party Logistics”， “One Network， Dual Flows， Mutual Profitability”， “Cainiao County-wide Co-distribution”， and “E-commerce Platform + Direct Shipping from Origin”. These models utilize basic resource integration methods including transport-post cooperation + post-express cooperation， express-express cooperation， commerce-express cooperation， express-express cooperation， and e-commerce platform aggregation， respectively， with distinct characteristics in organization， links， network and effects. To further improve the construction of China’s rural parcel delivery and logistics system， we should follow the basic logic of “diversified entities – technology-driven – resource integration – coordinated development”， advance implementation by category and in light of local conditions， strengthen the application and innovation of technology， improve the collaboration mechanism between government and market， deepen the integration and sharing of logistics resources， and promote the in-depth integration of parcel delivery and logistics with rural industries.