违规经营投资责任追究制度对国企聚焦主责主业的影响研究

周绍妮, 杜其岳, 周之恬

北京交通大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1) : 124-140.

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北京交通大学学报(社会科学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1) : 124-140.
管理研究

违规经营投资责任追究制度对国企聚焦主责主业的影响研究

  • 周绍妮, 杜其岳, 周之恬
作者信息 +

The Impact of the Accountability System for Illegal Operation and Investment on State-Owned Enterprises’ Focus on Their Primary Responsibilities and Main Businesses

  • ZHOU Shao-ni, DU Qi-yue, ZHOU Zhi-tian
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

推动国有企业聚焦主责主业是增强国有企业核心功能、实现高质量发展的关键举措。为探究出资人监管手段强化对于国企聚焦主责主业的实际影响,本文以2013—2023年中国A股上市公司为样本,以各省份陆续出台的违规经营投资责任追究制度作为外生制度冲击,构建多时点双重差分模型,系统考察了问责制度对国企聚焦主责主业的影响及作用机理。研究发现,违规经营投资问责对国企聚焦主责主业具有显著的驱动效应。机制分析表明,问责制度通过约束风险偏好遏制了高管的非理性多元化动机,通过改善治理提升了内部控制水平和信息透明度,从而驱动国企聚焦主责主业。进一步研究发现,违规经营投资问责在管理层短视程度高、晋升预期低与地区市场化水平较低组别中对国企聚焦主责主业的驱动效果更为明显。因此,应继续发挥“问责利器”在国资国企监管中的作用,持续提升追责的监督效能;完善国有企业出资人监管体系,推进长效永续性监管机制建设;实施差异化监管策略,构建精细化管理与风险识别体系,以进一步深化国资国企改革。

Abstract

Promoting State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) to focus on their primary responsibilities and main businesses is a critical measure to enhance their core functions and achieve high-quality development. This paper utilizes a sample of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2013 to 2023 to investigate the practical impact of strengthening investor supervision on SOEs’ strategic focus. Exploiting the staggered provincial implementation of the Accountability System for Illegal Operation and Investment as an exogenous institutional shock, we employ a time-varying Difference-in-Differences (DID) model to systematically examine the system’s impact and the underlying mechanisms through which it influences SOEs’ core business focus. The study finds that Accountability System for Illegal Operation and Investment has a significant driving effect on SOEs’ focus on their core businesses. Mechanism analysis shows that the accountability system restrains executives’ irrational diversification motives by constraining risk appetite, and improves internal control and information transparency by enhancing corporate governance, thereby driving SOEs to concentrate on their primary responsibilities and main businesses. Further research reveals that the driving effect of the Accountability System for Illegal Operation and Investment is more pronounced in SOEs with high managerial myopia, low executive promotion expectations, or those located in regions with lower levels of marketization. This study concludes that policymakers should continue to leverage accountability as a “regulatory sharp tool” to enhance supervisory efficacy. Efforts should be directed toward refining the SOE investor supervision system and advancing long-term, sustainable monitoring mechanisms. Moreover, implementing differentiated regulatory strategies and building sophisticated risk identification systems are vital for further deepening the reform of state-owned assets and enterprises, optimizing the strategic layout of state-owned capital, and achieving high-quality development.

关键词

出资人监管强化 / 违规经营投资问责 / 主责主业 / 风险偏好 / 公司治理

Key words

strengthened investor supervision / accountability for illegal operation and investment / primary responsibilities and main businesses / risk preference / corporate governance

引用本文

导出引用
周绍妮, 杜其岳, 周之恬. 违规经营投资责任追究制度对国企聚焦主责主业的影响研究[J]. 北京交通大学学报(社会科学版). 2026, 25(1): 124-140
ZHOU Shao-ni, DU Qi-yue, ZHOU Zhi-tian. The Impact of the Accountability System for Illegal Operation and Investment on State-Owned Enterprises’ Focus on Their Primary Responsibilities and Main Businesses[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition). 2026, 25(1): 124-140
中图分类号: F272.3   

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基金

国家自然科学基金项目“经理层市场化选聘、企业家精神激发对国企资源配置效果的影响:基于制度激活与协同的逻辑”(72372007)。

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