摘要
超大规模城市轨道交通系统面临复杂的多目标矛盾与超强运维压力，传统运维模式难以满足安全性、效率与成本协同优化需求。基于佳都科技智能城市地铁运维案例，剖析和阐述企业数字化转型结构优势理论，探讨大模型驱动下企业结构优势形成机制，提出适应极端复杂运维场景的结构优势新范式。研究发现：大模型技术通过重构企业内部资源、能力与组织结构，成为企业核心竞争力的关键来源。这三方面结构变革相互嵌套、动态耦合，数据与知识资源的整合奠定能力重塑的基础，能力重塑推动组织结构向敏捷协同演变，组织进化又为资源与能力提升创造制度保障。三者协同，实现智能交通运维从人力主导向AI增强模式跃迁，可较好破解“规模越大、效率越低”的运维管理难题。企业应打造具备复合技能与问题解决能力的新型运维团队，注重系统协同能力建设，建立“数据驱动-算法协调-知识进化”的新型结构优势。
Abstract
With ultra-large-scale urban rail transit systems facing complex multi-objective conflicts and extreme operational and maintenance pressure， traditional operation and maintenance models can hardly meet the demand for collaborative optimization of safety， efficiency， and cost. Based on the case study of intelligent urban metro operation and maintenance by PCI Tech， this paper analyzes and elaborates on the theory of structural advantages in enterprises’ digital transformation， explores the formation mechanism of enterprises’ structural advantages driven by large models， and proposes a new paradigm of structural advantages adapted to extremely complex operation and maintenance scenarios. The study finds that large-model technology， by reconstructing enterprises’ internal resources， capabilities， and organizational structures， has become a key source of their core competitiveness. The structural changes in these three aspects are mutually embedded and dynamically coupled： the integration of data and knowledge resources lays the foundation for capability reshaping； capability reshaping drives the evolution of organizational structures toward agility and collaboration； and organizational evolution， in turn， creates institutional guarantees for the enhancement of resources and capabilities. The synergy among these dimensions enables a leap from human-dominated to AI-augmented operational modes， thus solving the operation and maintenance management challenge of “the larger the scale， the lower the efficiency.” Therefore， management should build a new type of operation and maintenance team with composite skills and problem-solving abilities that focus on developing system synergy capabilities， and establish a new structural advantage characterized by “data-driven， algorithm-coordinated， and knowledge-evolving.”
关键词
大模型 /
智能交通运维 /
数字化转型 /
结构优势 /
案例
Key words
large model /
intelligent transportation operation and maintenance /
digital transformation /
structural advantage /
case
刘佳, 罗婷予, 王玥邈.
大模型智能交通运维结构优势：佳都科技案例研究[J]. 北京交通大学学报(社会科学版). 2025, 24(3): 54-65
LIU Jia, LUO Ting-yu, WANG Yue-miao.
Structural Advantage in Large Model Intelligent Transportation Operation and Maintenance： A Case Study of PCI Tech[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University（Social Sciences Edition）. 2025, 24(3): 54-65
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基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“人工智能对制造业转型升级的影响与治理体系研究”（23&ZD091）。
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