摘要
与既有工业化体系内的企业转型升级相比,企业通过数字化转型获取的竞争优势有何差异?为回答此问题,对索菲亚的数字化转型进行纵向案例研究。研究发现:企业通过数字化转型获取的竞争优势体现为企业为适应数字化体系而形成的结构优势。结构优势是数字化转型企业通过资源、能力乃至组织的结构性变革形成态势感知、决策反应与协调行动的整体优先效应,是对数字化体系有效适应的体现。其中,态势感知指企业基于全渠道大数据对内外部市场态势的整体认知,决策反应指企业基于态势感知进行经验驱动与数据驱动相结合的整体决策反应,协调行动指企业基于决策反应展开数据驱动自适应与合作经验相结合的整体协调活动,整体优先效应指企业认知水平、反应敏捷与协调效率的“整体-部分”顺序效应。在数字化转型的竞争中构建企业结构优势是可供企业选择的情境化战略方案。数字化转型企业可通过分阶段、分步骤地加强态势感知的整体性,决策反应的整体性及协调行动的整体性来提高市场竞争力,基于“感知-反应-行动”的整体结构形成应对高不确定环境的组织适应性。
Abstract
Compared with enterprise transformation and upgrading within the existing industrial system, what are the differences in the competitive advantages that enterprises gain through digital transformation? Through a longitudinal case study of Suofeiya’s digital transformation, this paper finds that the competitive advantage gained by enterprise through digital transformation are reflected in the structural advantages developed by enterprises to adapt to the digital system. Structural advantage refers to the overall priority effect in situational awareness, decision-making response, and coordinated action by enterprise digital transformation through structural changes in resources, capabilities, and even organizations, and it reflects the effective adaptation to the digital system. Among them, situational awareness refers to enterprises’ overall cognition of internal and external market situations based on omnichannel big data; decision-making response refers to enterprises’ overall decision-making responses that integrate experience-driven and data-driven approaches based on situational awareness; coordinated action refers to the overall coordinated activities that enterprises carry out by combining data-driven self-adaptation with cooperation experience on the basis of decision-making responses; and the overall priority effect refers to the whole-part sequential effect of enterprises’ cognitive level, response agility, and coordination efficiency. In the competition of digital transformation, establishing enterprises’ structural advantages is a contextual strategic option available to enterprises. Digitally transforming enterprises can enhance their market competitiveness by progressively strengthening the integration of situational perception, decision response, and action coordination in phases and steps. Based on the holistic framework of Perception-Response-Action, enterprises can develop organizational adaptability to deal with high uncertainty.
关键词
数字化转型 /
转型战略 /
结构优势 /
竞争优势
Key words
digital transformation /
transformation strategy /
structural advantage /
competitive advantage
肖静华, 盛君叶, 王兵.
企业数字化转型的结构优势:索菲亚纵向案例研究[J]. 北京交通大学学报(社会科学版). 2025, 24(3): 24-35
XIAO Jing-hua, SHENG Jun-ye, WANG Bing.
Structural Advantages of Enterprise Digital Transformation: A Longitudinal Case Study of Suofeiya[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University(Social Sciences Edition). 2025, 24(3): 24-35
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基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“人工智能对制造业转型升级的影响与治理体系研究”(23&ZD091)。