The 15th Five-Year Plan period is crucial for China to basically achieve socialist modernization， during which transportation undertakes the important mission of pioneering guidance and strategic support. Therefore， we must optimize the layout， structure， function and system integration of transportation infrastructure and build a modern transportation infrastructure system to provide the necessary material conditions and operational foundation for realizing economic and social modernization in accordance with the clear requirements specified in the Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. While China has built a world-leading， ultra-large-scale transportation infrastructure network after years of development， many shortcomings still exist in terms of accessibility， balanced development， network efficiency and coordination. Faced with the profound and complex changes in both domestic and external environments during the 15th Five-Year Plan period， the development of transportation infrastructure should accurately grasp its phased characteristics， anchor the goal of building a strong transportation country， and closely follow the overall requirements of guiding and supporting the basic realization of socialist modernization. It is imperative to clarify development approaches， transform the development model， pay greater attention to overall coordination， balance stock optimization and incremental expansion， actively adapt to the development trends of the times， and optimize the allocation of factors and resources. The main tasks are as follows： improving the layout of transportation infrastructure to support and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern； continuously optimizing the structure of transportation infrastructure guided by the full， accurate and comprehensive implementation of the new development philosophy； focusing on the theme of high-quality development to comprehensively improve the functions of transportation infrastructure； and coordinating the effective improvement of quality and the reasonable growth of quantity to strengthen the system integration and overall efficiency of transportation infrastructure.