Improving the green development level of cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products is a key measure to promote the green transformation of the cold chain logistics industry. The article uses the super efficiency SBM model and GML index method to comprehensively measure the green development level of cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products in 30 provinces and cities in China from 2015 to 2022. The Gini coefficient method and kernel density estimation method are employed to analyze the regional differences in the green development of cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products in China. Research shows that in the evaluation of green development levels of fresh agricultural products cold chain logistics， the static level of green development is relatively low， but the total factor productivity of green development in cold chain logistics is on the rise. In terms of regional differences in the green development of fresh agricultural products cold chain logistics， there are significant disparities both between regions and within regions. The overall regional difference is characterized by a pattern of “first decline and then rise” with eastern regions showing a fluctuating downward trend and western and central regions experiencing a fluctuating upward trend. To enhance the green development level of cold chain logistics for fresh agricultural products in China and reduce regional disparities， it is necessary to optimize the allocation of resource factors， improve the utilization efficiency of input factors and enhance the effectiveness of output factors； implement differentiated green development strategies for regional logistics to promote coordinated improvements in the green level of cold chain logistics.