摘要 创新生态系统作为推动创新的有效载体，越来越成为学术界和企业界重视的研究议题。通过梳理2006-2021年发表在Web of Science核心合集数据库中的文献，总结提炼出当前国外的研究热点主题：创新生态系统的内涵、特性与组成，创新生态系统的演化动力、过程与机制，以及创新生态系统的治理目标、主体与模式。在此基础上，提出基于复杂系统视角的创新生态系统网络关系与逻辑机制、基于动态能力视角的创新生态系统演化路径与机理、基于数字化情境的创新生态系统内参与主体关系是创新生态系统领域的重要研究方向。国外研究启示我们应基于文化、信任、非正式结构等中国管理情境进行创新生态系统治理研究。
Abstract：As an effective supporter to promote innovation， innovation ecosystem has increasingly become an important research topic in both academic and business community. By sorting out English literatures on innovation ecosystems included by the Web of Science core collection database between 2006 to 2021， the study finds that the following are current hotspot topic for innovation ecosystems research abroad： connotation， characteristics and composition， evolutionary motivation， process， mechanism and governance goal， and main subject and pattern. Moreover， it reveals that the emerging research directions for innovation ecosystem study are networking relationships and logic mechanisms of innovation ecosystem from complex system theory， evolution path and mechanism of innovation ecosystem from the perspective of dynamic capability， and relationships among innovation ecosystem entities in the context of digitalization. The future study should strengthen researches on innovation ecosystem governance based on Chinese governance context such as culture， trust， and informal institution.
1 ADNER R.Match Your Innovation Strategy to Your Innovation Ecosystem［J］.Harvard Business Review，2006，84（4）：98-107. 2 CARAYANNIS E G，CAMPBELL D F.'Mode 3' and 'Quadruple Helix'： Toward a 21st Century Fractal Innovation Ecosystem［J］.International Journal of Technology Management，2009，46（3-4）：201-234. 3 DEDEHAYIR O，M?KINEN S J，ORTT J R.Roles during Innovation Ecosystem Genesis：A Literature Review［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2018，136：18-29. 4 GRANSTRAND O，HOLGERSSON M.Innovation Ecosystems：A Conceptual Review and a New Definition［J］.Technovation，2020，90. 5 SUOMINEN A，SEPP?NEN M，DEDEHAYIR O.A Bibliometric Review on Innovation Systems and Ecosystems：A Research Agenda［J］.European Journal of Innovation Management，2019，22（2）：335-60. 6 YAGHMAIE P，VANHAVERBEKE W.Identifying and Describing Constituents of Innovation Ecosystems：A Systematic Review of the Literature［J］.Euromed Journal of Business，2020，15（3）：283-314. 7 GUPTA R，MEJIA C，KAJIKAWA Y.Business，Innovation and Digital Ecosystems Landscape Survey and Knowledge Cross Sharing［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2019，147：100-109. 8 HAKALA H，O'SHEA G，FARNY S，et al.Re‐Storying the Business， Innovation and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Concepts：the Model‐Narrative Review Method［J］.International Journal of Management Reviews， 2020，22（1）：10-32. 9 SCARINGELLA L，RADZIWON A.Innovation，Entrepreneurial，Knowledge，and Business Ecosystems：Old Wine in New Bottles？［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2017，136：59-87. 10 KLIMAS P，CZAKON W.Species in the Wild：A Typology of Innovation Ecosystems［J］.Review of Managerial Science，2021：1-34. 11 焦豪，杨季枫，应瑛.动态能力研究述评及开展中国情境化研究的建议［J］.管理世界，2021，37（5）：191-210. 12 HEATON S，SIEGEL D S，TEECE D J.Universities and Innovation Ecosystems：A Dynamic Capabilities Perspective［J］.Industrial and Corporate Change，2019，28（4）：921-939. 13 NAMBISAN S，BARON R A.Entrepreneurship in Innovation Ecosystems：Entrepreneurs' Self-Regulatory Processes and Their Implications For New Venture Success ［J］.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice，2013，37（5）：1071-1097. 14 STILL K，HUHTAMAKI J，RUSSELL M G，et al.Insights For Orchestrating Innovation Ecosystems：the Case of EIT ICT Labs and Data-Driven Network Visualisations［J］.International Journal of Technology Management，2014，66（2-3）：243-265. 15 BRUSONI S，PRENCIPE A.The Organization of Innovation in Ecosystems：Problem Framing，Problem Solving，and Patterns of Coupling［M］.Adner R，Oxley J E，Silverman BS.Collaboration and Competition in Business Ecosystems，2013，30：167-194. 16 KOLLOCH M，DELLERMANN D.Digital Innovation in the Energy Industry：the Impact of Controversies on the Evolution of Innovation Ecosystems［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2017，136：254-264. K?nn?l? T，Eloranta V，Turunen T，Salo A.Transformative Governance of Innovation Ecosystems［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2021，173. 17 SUN C，WEI J.Digging Deep Into the Enterprise Innovation Ecosystem How Do Enterprises Build and Coordinate Innovation Ecosystem at Firm Level［J］.Chinese Management Studies，2019，13（4）：820-39. 18 SCHROTH F，HAEUSSERMANN J J.Collaboration Strategies in Innovation Ecosystems：an Empirical Study of the German Microelectronics and Photonics Industries［J］.Technology Innovation Management Review，2018，8（11）：4-12. 19 JIANG H，GAO S，ZHAO S，et al.Competition of Technology Standards in Industry 4.0：An Innovation Ecosystem Perspective［J］.Systems Research and Behavioral Science，2020，37（4）：772-783. 20 FERDINAND J P，MEYER U.The Social Dynamics of Heterogeneous Innovation Ecosystems：Effects of Openness on Community-Firm Relations［J］.International Journal of Engineering Business Management，2017，9：1-16. 21 RADICIC D，PUGH G，DOUGLAS D.Promoting Cooperation in Innovation Ecosystems：Evidence From European Traditional Manufacturing SMEs［J］.Small Business Economics，2020，54（1）：257-283. 22 BITTENCOURT B A，GAZARO DOS SANTOS D A，MIGNONI J.Resource Orchestration in Innovation Ecosystems：A Comparative Study Between Innovation Ecosystems at Different Stages of Development［J］.International Journal of Innovation，2021，9（1）：108-130. 23 TOMAS D S A，DE SOUZA BERMEJO P H，MOREIRA M F，et al.The Structure of an Innovation Ecosystem：Foundations For Future Research［J］.Management Decision，2020，58（12）：2725-2742. 24 SUN S L，CHEN V Z，SUNNY S A，et al.Venture Capital as an Innovation Ecosystem Engineer in an Emerging Market［J］.International Business Review，2019，28（5）. 25 COHENDET P，SIMON L，MEHOUACHI C.From Business Ecosystems to Ecosystems of Innovation：the Case of the Video Game Industry in Montréal［J］.Industry and Innovation，2021，28（8）：1046-1076. 26 SHAW D R，ALLEN T.Studying Innovation Ecosystems Using Ecology Theory［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2018，136：88-102. 27 BRESLIN D，KASK J，SCHLAILE M，et al.Developing a Coevolutionary Account of Innovation Ecosystems［J］.Industrial Marketing Management，2021，98：59-68. 28 FENG N，FU C，WEI F，et al.The Key Role of Dynamic Capabilities in the Evolutionary Process For a Startup to Develop Into an Innovation Ecosystem Leader：An Indepth Case Study［J］. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management，2019，54：81-96. 29 PIQUE J M，BERBEGAL-MIRABENT J，ETZKOWITZ H. Triple Helix and the Evolution of Ecosystems of Innovation：the Case of Silicon Valley［J］.Triple Helix（Heidelberg），2018，5（1）：1-21. 30 GAO Y，LIU X，MA X.How Do Firms Meet the Challenge of Technological Change By Redesigning Innovation Ecosystem？A Case Study of IBM［J］.International Journal of Technology Management，2019，80（3-4）：241-265. 31 SAHASRANAMAM S，RENTALA S，ROSE E L.Knowledge Sources and International Business Activity in a Changing Innovation Ecosystem：A Study of the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry［J］.Management and Organization Review，2019，15（3）：595-614. 32 BELTAGUI A，ROSLI A，CANDI M.Exaptation in a Digital Innovation Ecosystem：the Disruptive Impacts of 3D Printing［J］.Research Policy，2020，49（1）. 33 MOORE J F.Predators and Prey：A New Ecology of Competition［J］.Harvard Business Review，1993，71（3）：75-86. 34 MA L，LIU Z，HUANG X，et al.The Impact of Local Government Policy on Innovation Ecosystem in Knowledge Resource Scarce Region：Case Study of Changzhou，China［J］.Science Technology and Society（New Delhi，India），2019，24（1）：29-52. 35 RITALA P，AGOURIDAS V，ASSIMAKOPOULOS D，et al.Value Creation and Capture Mechanisms in Innovation Ecosystems：A Comparative Case Study［J］.International Journal of Technology Management，2013，63（3-4）：244-267. 36 RANGA M， ETZKOWITZ H. Triple Helix Systems：an Analytical Framework For Innovation Policy and Practice in the Knowledge Society［J］. Industry & Higher Education， 2013， 27（4）：237-262. 37 BENITEZ G B，AYALA N F，FRANK A G.Industry 4.0 Innovation Ecosystems：an Evolutionary Perspective on Value Cocreation［J］.International Journal of Production Economics，2020，228. 38 OH D S，PHILLIPS F，PARK S，et al.Innovation Ecosystems：A Critical Examination［J］.Technovation，2016，54：1-6. 39 HELFAT C E，RAUBITSCHEK R S.Dynamic and Integrative Capabilities For Profiting From Innovation in Digital Platform-Based Ecosystems［J］.Research Policy，2018，47（8）：1391-1399. 40 XU G，WU Y，MINSHALL T，et al.Exploring Innovation Ecosystems Across Science，Technology，and Business：A Case of 3D Printing in China［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2017，136：208-221. 41 HOPKINS M M，CRANE P，NIGHTINGALE P，et al.Moving From Non-Interventionism to Industrial Strategy：the Roles of Tentative and Definitive Governance in Support of the UK Biotech Sector［J］.Research Policy，2019，48（5）：1113-1127. 42 AUDRETSCH D B，EICHLER G M，SCHWARZ E J.Emerging Needs of Social Innovators and Social Innovation Ecosystems［J］.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal，2021：1-38. 43 KADYROVA A.Exploring Structures of Urban Social Innovation Ecosystems：Cases of Manchester，Utrecht，Stockholm，Sofia and Budapest［J］.Journal of Social Entrepreneurship，2021：1-23. 44 K?NN?L? T，ELORANTA V，TURUNEN T，et al.Transformative Governance of Innovation Ecosystems［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2021，173. 45 REYNOLDS E B，UYGUN Y.Strengthening Advanced Manufacturing Innovation Ecosystems：the Case of Massachusetts［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2018，136：178-191. 46 GOMES L A D V，FACIN A L F，SALERNO M S，et al.Unpacking the Innovation Ecosystem Construct：Evolution，Gaps and Trends［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2018，136：30-48. 47 TEECE D J.Profiting From Innovation in the Digital Economy：Enabling Technologies，Standards，and Licensing Models in the Wireless World［J］.Research Policy，2018，47（8）：1367-87. 48 GAWER A，CUSUMANO M A.Industry Platforms and Ecosystem Innovation［J］.The Journal of Product Innovation Management，2014，31（3）：417-33. 49 CHUNG S.Building a National Innovation System Through Regional Innovation Systems［J］.Technovation，2002，22（8）：485-491. 50 CARAYANNIS E G，GRIGOROUDIS E，CAMPBELL D F，et al.The Ecosystem as Helix：an Exploratory Theory‐Building Study of Regional Co-Opetitive Entrepreneurial Ecosystems as Quadruple/Quintuple Helix Innovation Models［J］.R&D Management，2018，48（1）：148-162. 51 MARTIN R，SUNLEY P.Deconstructing Clusters：Chaotic Concept or Policy Panacea？［J］.Journal of Economic Geography，2003，3（1）：5-35. 52 GIFFORD E，MCKELVEY M，SAEMUNDSSON R.The Evolution of Knowledge-Intensive Innovation Ecosystems：Co-Evolving Entrepreneurial Activity and Innovation Policy in the West Swedish Maritime System［J］.Industry and Innovation，2021，28（5）：651-676. 53 RADZIWON A，BOGERS M.Open Innovation in SMEs：Exploring Inter-Organizational Relationships in an Ecosystem［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2019，146：573-587. 54 INOUE Y.Indirect Innovation Management By Platform Ecosystem Governance and Positioning：Toward Collective Ambidexterity in the Ecosystems［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2021，166. 55 DE VASCONCELOS GOMES L A，FACIN A F F，SALERNO M S.Managing Uncertainty Propagation in Innovation Ecosystems［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2021，171. 56 MARCON A，RIBEIRO J L D.How Do Startups Manage External Resources in Innovation Ecosystems？ A Resource Perspective of Startups’ Lifecycle［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2021，171. 57 ADNER R，KAPOOR R.Value Creation in Innovation Ecosystems：How the Structure of Technological Interdependence Affects Firm Performance in New Technology Generations［J］.Strategic Management Journal，2010，31（3）：306-333. 58 ROHRBECK R，HOELZLE K，GEMUENDEN H G.Opening Up For Competitive Advantage - How Deutsche Telekom Creates an Open Innovation Ecosystem［J］.R & D Management，2009，39（4）：420-430. 59 LETEN B，VANHAVERBEKE W，ROIJAKKERS N，et al.IP Models to Orchestrate Innovation Ecosystems：IMEC，A Public Research Institute in Nano-Electronics［J］.California Management Review，2013，55（4）：51-64. 60 MAZZUCATO M，ROBINSON D K.Co-Creating and Directing Innovation Ecosystems？NASA’s Changing Approach to Public-Private Partnerships in Low-Earth Orbit［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2018，136：166-177. 61 IMANTO Y，PRIJADI R，KUSUMASTUTI R D.Innovation Ecosystem For SMEs in the Creative Industry［J］.International Journal of Business，2019，24（4）：345-368. 62 KLEIN S B，DE VASCONCELOS M C L R，LIMA R D J C，et al.Contributions From Entrepreneurial Universities to the Regional Innovation Ecosystem of Boston［J］.Revista Gest?o and Tecnologia，2021， 21（1）：245-268. 63 PIGFORD A A E，HICKEY G M，KLERKX L.Beyond Agricultural Innovation Systems？ Exploring an Agricultural Innovation Ecosystems Approach For Niche Design and Development in Sustainability Transitions［J］.Agricultural Systems，2018，164：116-121. 64 APPIO F P，LIMA M，PAROUTIS S.Understanding Smart Cities：Innovation Ecosystems，Technological Advancements，and Societal Challenges［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2019，142：1-14. 65 KHORSHEED M S.Learning From Global Pacesetters to Build the Country Innovation Ecosystem［J］.Journal of the Knowledge Economy，2017，8（1）：177-196. 66 LINDE L，SJ?DIN D，PARIDA V，et al.Dynamic Capabilities for Ecosystem Orchestration A Capability-Based Framework For Smart City Innovation Initiatives［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2021，166. 67 WALRAVE B，TALMAR M，PODOYNITSYNA K S，et al.A Multi-Level Perspective on Innovation Ecosystems For Path-Breaking Innovation［J］.Technological Forecasting and Social Change，2018，136：103-113. 68 ECKHARDT J T，CIUCHTA M P，CARPENTER M.Open Innovation，Information，and Entrepreneurship Within Platform Ecosystems［J］.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal，2018，12（3）：369-391. 69 SUSENO Y， LAURELL C， SICK N.Assessing Value Creation in Digital Innovation Ecosystems：A Social Media Analytics Approach［J］.The Journal of Strategic Information Systems，2018，27（4）：335-349. 70 ROCHA C F，MAMEDIO D F，QUANDT C O.Startups and the Innovation Ecosystem in Industry 4.0［J］.Technology Analysis and Strategic Management，2019，31（12）：1474-1487. 71 WANG P.Connecting the Parts With the Whole：Toward an Information Ecology Theory of Digital Innovation Ecosystems［J］.MIS Quarterly，2021，45（1）：397-422. 72 DYER J H，CHU W.The Role of Trustworthiness in Reducing Transaction Costs and Improving Performance：Empirical Evidence From the United States，Japan，and Korea［J］.Organization Science，2003，14（1）：57-68. 73 ABBATE T，CODINI A，AQUILANI B，et al.From Knowledge Ecosystems to Capabilities Ecosystems：When Open Innovation Digital Platforms Lead to Value Co-Creation［J］.Journal of the Knowledge Economy，2021：1-15.
2022, Vol. 21 
