物流减贫效率的提升是乡村振兴战略下物流业发展面临的现实需求。本文基于2013-2020年我国19个欠发达省份的面板数据，通过改进主成分分析法确定物流减贫效率评价指标，利用超效率SBM模型评估减贫效率并对样本进行分类，随后构建时空地理加权模型，获取物流减贫效率外部影响因素。结果表明：在物流减贫效率分解方面，各欠发达省份差异显著，分属于成长型、潜力型、需求不足型和能力不足型四种类型。成长型欠发达省份受人力资本、信息开放程度影响较大，潜力型欠发达省份受物流规模、区域政策、信息开放程度影响较大，需求不足型与能力不足型欠发达省份除了受物流规模与物流技术影响外，分别受区域政策、信息开放程度影响较大。因此，结合不同类型欠发达省份特征提出不同的发展策略：成长型欠发达省份应积极推动教育与物流相结合；潜力型欠发达省份应持续关注物流投资规模的影响；需求不足型欠发达省份需正视物流先导性未有效体现所带来的短期性物流减贫效率低下；能力不足型欠发达省份应推进现代物流网络体系建设，发挥其在物流信息交流、物流技术沟通、物流经济协作等方面的引领作用。

The improvement of logistics poverty reduction efficiency is the practical demand for the development of logistics industry under the rural revitalization strategy. Based on the panel data of 19 underdeveloped provinces in China from 2013 to 2020， this paper determined the evaluation index of logistics poverty reduction efficiency through improved principal component analysis method， and used the super-efficiency SBM model to evaluate the poverty reduction efficiency and classify the samples. Then， a spatial-temporal geographic weighted model was constructed to obtain the external influencing factors of logistics poverty reduction efficiency. The results show that the underdeveloped provinces exhibit significant differences in the decomposition of logistics poverty reduction efficiency， and can be divided into four types： growth type， potential type， insufficient demand type and limited capacity type. Growth-type underdeveloped provinces are strongly affected by human capital， information openness， while potential-type underdeveloped provinces by logistics scale， regional policy， and information openness； as for insufficient demand type and limited capacity type underdeveloped provinces， besides the scale of logistics and logistics technology， they are greatly influenced by regional policy and information openness respectively. Therefore， different development strategies are proposed based on the characteristics of different types of underdeveloped provinces. In specific， growth-type underdeveloped provinces should actively promote the combination of education and logistics； Potential type underdeveloped provinces should pay more attention to the influence of logistics investment scale. Underdeveloped provinces with insufficient demand need to face up to the low efficiency of short-term logistics poverty reduction caused by the lack of effective embodiment of logistics leadership； Underdeveloped provinces with limited capacity should promote the construction of modern logistics network system and play a leading role in logistics information exchange， logistics technology communication and logistics economic cooperation.